Salvia, Sage
New Kreuterbuch, Matthiolus, 1563
Krauterbuch, Lonitzer, 1578
Botanical name:
Salvia officinalis
Parts used:
Leaf; Flowering tops
Temperature & Taste:
Neutral (Traditionally regarded as Warm; Cool by some), dry. Bitter, Pungent
Classifications:
2F. PURIFYING. 2O. ASTRINGENT. 2S. STRENGTHENING.
3C. ALEXIPHARMIC. 3D. CORDIALS & CARDIACS. 3G. EMMENAGOGUE. 3M. ARTHRITICS. 3P. MASTICATORIES & STERNUTATORIES
4a. CEPHALIC. 4c. CARDIAC. 4e. STOMACHIC. 4f. SPLENETIC. 4i. UTERINE. 4j. NERVINE. 4k. ARTHRITIC
Uses:
1. Benefits the Liver and Blood, Settles Wind, Benefits the Brain and Nerves:
-‘Good for the Liver, and to breed Blood’ (Culpeper)
-nourishes and strengthens the Liver and Blood, Uterus, Senses, Memory, Sinews, Nerves and Joints.
-Paralysis, Shaking or Trembling Limbs, Apoplexy, Convulsions, Epilepsy, Lethargy etc.
2. Move the Blood, Regulates Menstruation:
-menstrual irregularities associated with Deficiency, Heat, Qi stagnation or poor circulation (since Hippocrates)
-Amenorrhea, Scanty Menstruation with cramps, and PMS.
-Trauma, Bruising
3. Clears Wind and Heat, Clears Phlegm, Resists Poison:
-Wind-Heat attacking the Head with excessive nasal discharge, Sinusitis
-beginning of Wind-Heat Colds and Flus and Fevers; Paracelsus used for Fever and acute diseases
-sore, inflamed or ulcerated Mouth and Throat.
4. Astringes, Benefits the Kidneys, Clears Deficient Heat:
-excessive Sexual desire (from Yin deficient Heat)
-Diabetes and Diabetes-like disorders (a glass of Sage Wine after each meal).
-Menopausal symptoms, Flushing, Sweating, Restlessness
5. Astringes to Stop Sweating:
-Excessive Sweating, Night Sweats (including Menopause and Tuberculosis); the infusion is taken cold. (Commission E approved)
–profuse sweat, which occur in convalescence after acute diseases (Sydenham)
6. Stops Milk:
-Stops the flow of Milk in nursing mothers.
7. Clears Damp, Moves the Qi, Promotes Digestion:
-dampness of the digestion with poor digestion and appetite, intestinal gurgling etc.
8. Clears Heat and Damp, Promotes Urine:
-promotes Urine when cloudy or turbid as a result of Heat and Damp
-Damp-Heat type Edema.
9. Externally:
-as a wash and gargle for mouth problems such as inflamed Sore Throat, Ulcers of the Mouth and Throat, bleeding gums
-Thrush and Aptha of the Mouth (as a gargle)
-preserves the Teeth (Matthiolus)
-applied to skin conditions such as Eczema and Scrofula.
-said traditionally to cause the Hair to turn black
-the Oil is applied with alcohol to Alopecia.
-Ulcers and Wounds can also be treated externally with Sage.
-applied topically in ointments to Tumors
-washes, poultices and compresses are used for Cancerous Ulcers
-Sage Oil is used externally for Palsy, Apoplexy etc
Main Combinations:
1. Wind, Cold and Damp of the Head or Joints, Sage with … available in PRO version
2. Cold in the Head, Sage … available in PRO version
3. Against Epidemic and Infectious Diseases, Sage with … available in PRO version
4. Wind of the Head; Headache, Migraine, Vertigo, Paralysis, Convulsions, Sage with … available in PRO version
5. Paralysis:
i. Sage with … available in PRO version
ii. Sage with … available in PRO version
6. Apoplexy:
i. Sage with … available in PRO version
ii. Sage with … available in PRO version
7. Vertigo, Dizziness:
i. Sage with … available in PRO version
ii. for Paralysis and Vertigo, Sage with … available in PRO version
8. To strengthen the Stomach and promote digestion, Sage with … available in PRO version
9. Hydrocephalus, Sage with … available in PRO version
10. Strengthen the Brain and Memory:
i. Sage with … available in PRO version
11. Insanity, Sage with … available in PRO version
12. Diabetes, combine Sage with … available in PRO version
13. Arthritis, Sage with … available in PRO version
14. Excess Sweating:
i. Sage with … available in PRO version
ii. Sage with … available in PRO version
15. Night Sweats:
i. Sage with … available in PRO version
ii. Sage with … available in PRO version
16. To stop Milk, Sage with … available in PRO version
17. Shingles, Sage with … available in PRO version
18. Urticaria, Sage with … available in PRO version
19. Mouth and Throat pain and inflammation, Sage as a gargle with … available in PRO version
20. Tinnitus, Sage with … available in PRO version
21. Ointment for Bruising or Blood Stagnation, Sage with … available in PRO version
Major Formulas:
Decoction for Cough (Gabelhover)
Decoction to Strengthen the Head (Wirtzung)
Decoction to Warm the Head
Decoction for Paralysis (Praxis Medicinae)
Wine of Sage Compound
Tincture Against Convulsions
Four Thieves Vinegar
Compound for Paralysis (Salerno)
Powder for Paralysis and Vertigo (Nicholas)
Green Oil
Cautions:
Avoid large doses during Pregnancy.
Main Preparations used:
Distilled Water of the whole Herb, Distilled Oil, Salt of the Ashes, Conserve of the Flowers, Tincture of Sage
GENERAL / REVIEW
–Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components
–Bioactive Profile of Various Salvia officinalis L. Preparations
–Salvia officinalis L. from Italy: A Comparative Chemical and Biological Study of Its Essential Oil in the Mediterranean Context
–Chemical composition and biological activities of Salvia officinalis essential oil from Tunisia
–Hydrosols from Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Cupressus sempervirens: Phytochemical Analysis and Bioactivity Evaluation
–Laurus nobilis, Salvia sclarea and Salvia officinalis Essential Oils and Hydrolates: Evaluation of Liquid and Vapor Phase Chemical Composition and Biological Activities
–Chemical Constituents and Biologic Activities of Sage Species: A Comparison between Salvia officinalis L., S. glutinosa L. and S. transsylvanica (Schur ex Griseb. & Schenk) Schur
–Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicinal Property of Sage (Salvia) to Prevent and Cure Illnesses such as Obesity, Diabetes, Depression, Dementia, Lupus, Autism, Heart Disease, and Cancer
ANTI-BACTERIAL
–Extraction of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol from Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Leaves by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity
–The antibacterial effect of sage extract (Salvia officinalis) mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque: a randomized clinical trial
–Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of cultivated oregano (Origanum vulgare), sage (Salvia officinalis), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella pneumoniae
–In Vitro Antibacterial and Antibiotic Resistance Modifying Effect of Bioactive Plant Extracts on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis
–In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activity of Culinary Herb Essential Oils as Potential Perioceutics
–Antibacterial Effects of the Essential Oils of Commonly Consumed Medicinal Herbs Using an In Vitro Model
ANTI-VIRAL
–Aqueous extracts from peppermint, sage and lemon balm leaves display potent anti-HIV-1 activity by increasing the virion density
–Therapeutic benefits of Salvia species: A focus on cancer and viral infection
–Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo
ANTITRYPANOSOMAL
–Salvia officinalis L.: Antitrypanosomal Activity and Active Constituents against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
MALARIA
–Wild sage (Salvia officinalis) as a potential anti-malarial drug
ANTI-FUNGAL
–Synergistic Antifungal, Allelopatic and Anti-Proliferative Potential of Salvia officinalis L., and Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oils
–Essential Oil of Common Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) from Jordan: Assessment of Safety in Mammalian Cells and Its Antifungal and Anti-Inflammatory Potential
–In vitro effects of Salvia officinalis L. essential oil on Candida albicans
–Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Family Plants as Antifungals
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
–Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cytocompatible Salvia officinalis Extracts: A Comparison between Traditional and Soxhlet Extraction
–Essential Oil of Common Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) from Jordan: Assessment of Safety in Mammalian Cells and Its Antifungal and Anti-Inflammatory Potential
–New Insights into the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Italian Salvia officinalis Leaf and Flower Extracts in Lipopolysaccharide and Tumor-Mediated Inflammation Models
–Review of Anti-Inflammatory Herbal Medicines
ANTIOXIDANT
–Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cytocompatible Salvia officinalis Extracts: A Comparison between Traditional and Soxhlet Extraction
–New Insights into the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Italian Salvia officinalis Leaf and Flower Extracts in Lipopolysaccharide and Tumor-Mediated Inflammation Models
–Sage Tea Drinking Improves Lipid Profile and Antioxidant Defences in Humans
–Extraction of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol from Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Leaves by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity
–Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenolic Composition as Quality Indicators for Aqueous Infusions of Salvia officinalis L. (sage tea)
–Identification of Phenolic Compounds and Determination of Antioxidant Activity in Extracts and Infusions of Salvia Leaves
HEPATOPROTECTIVE
–Sage, Salvia officinalis L., Constituents, Hepatoprotective Activity, and Cytotoxicity Evaluations of the Essential Oils Obtained from Fresh and Differently Timed Dried Herbs: A Comparative Analysis
CHOLESTEROL
–Sage Tea Drinking Improves Lipid Profile and Antioxidant Defences in Humans
–Salvia officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract as Add-on to Statin Therapy in Hypercholesterolemic Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial
–Effectiveness of Salvia Officinalis on Mediation of Serum Lipid in Clinical Trials: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (P12-004-19)
ANTISPASMODIC
–Antispasmodic Effect of Essential Oils and Their Constituents: A Review
NEURALGIA
–Salvia officinalis, Rosmarinic and Caffeic Acids Attenuate Neuropathic Pain and Improve Function Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Chronic Constriction in Mice
NEUROLOGICAL EFFECTS
–Modulation of neurological pathways by Salvia officinalis and its dependence on manufacturing process and plant parts used
ANXIETY
–Effect of Salvia Officinalis L. and Rosmarinus Officinalis L. leaves extracts on anxiety and neural activity
IMPROVES LEARNING / MEMORY / COGNITION
–Chronic Supplementation with a Mix of Salvia officinalis and Salvia lavandulaefolia Improves Morris Water Maze Learning in Normal Adult C57Bl/6J Mice
–Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Assessing Pharmacological Properties of Salvia Species on Memory, Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
–Phytochemicals for Improving Aspects of Cognitive Function and Psychological State Potentially Relevant to Sports Performance
–The Acute and Chronic Cognitive Effects of a Sage Extract: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study in Healthy Humans
–Acute Effects of Salvia Supplementation on Cognitive Function in Athletes During a Fatiguing Cycling Exercise: A Randomized Cross-Over, Placebo-Controlled, and Double-Blind Study
–Salvia (Sage): A Review of its Potential Cognitive-Enhancing and Protective Effects
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE / DEMENTIA/ NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
–Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Assessing Pharmacological Properties of Salvia Species on Memory, Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
–Essential Oils as a Potential Neuroprotective Remedy for Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review
–The Use of Herbal Medicine in Alzheimer’s Disease—A Systematic Review
–Effect of plant extracts on Alzheimer’s disease: An insight into therapeutic avenues
–Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicinal Property of Sage (Salvia) to Prevent and Cure Illnesses such as Obesity, Diabetes, Depression, Dementia, Lupus, Autism, Heart Disease, and Cancer
–Effects of medicinal plants on Alzheimer’s disease and memory deficits
–Herbal therapy: a new pathway for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
AUTISM
–Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicinal Property of Sage (Salvia) to Prevent and Cure Illnesses such as Obesity, Diabetes, Depression, Dementia, Lupus, Autism, Heart Disease, and Cancer
MODULATION OF BRAIN-DERVIED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF)
–Modulation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Signaling Pathway by Culinary Sage (Salvia officinalis L.)
DIABETES
–Preventive effects of Salvia officinalis leaf extract on insulin resistance and inflammation in a model of high fat diet-induced obesity in mice that responds to rosiglitazone
–Salvia officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract as Add-on to Statin Therapy in Hypercholesterolemic Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial
–Effect of Salvia officinalis on diabetic patients
–Hypoglycemic Effects of Three Medicinal Plants in Experimental Diabetes: Inhibition of Rat Intestinal α-glucosidase and Enhanced Pancreatic Insulin and Cardiac Glut-4 mRNAs Expression
–Potential Application of Some Lamiaceae Species in the Management of Diabetes
MENOPAUSE / POST-MENOPAUSE
–The effect of Salvia officinalis extract on symptoms of flushing, night sweat, sleep disorders, and score of forgetfulness in postmenopausal women
–Effectiveness of Menosan® Salvia officinalis in the treatment of a wide spectrum of menopausal complaints. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
–Estrogenic Plants: to Prevent Neurodegeneration and Memory Loss and Other Symptoms in Women After Menopause
–A review of effective herbal medicines in controlling menopausal symptoms
–A Nutraceutical Approach to Menopausal Complaints
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)
–Effects of Salvia officinalis L. (common sage) leaves tea on insulin resistance, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in rats with polycystic ovary: An experimental study
PROMOTES BREAST MILK
–Salvia officinalis L. induces alveolar bud growing in adult female rat mammary glands
CYTOTOXIC
–Sage, Salvia officinalis L., Constituents, Hepatoprotective Activity, and Cytotoxicity Evaluations of the Essential Oils Obtained from Fresh and Differently Timed Dried Herbs: A Comparative Analysis
CANCER
–Analyses of putative anti-cancer potential of three STAT3 signaling inhibitory compounds derived from Salvia officinalis
–Manool, a Salvia officinalis diterpene, induces selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells
–Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicinal Property of Sage (Salvia) to Prevent and Cure Illnesses such as Obesity, Diabetes, Depression, Dementia, Lupus, Autism, Heart Disease, and Cancer
–Therapeutic benefits of Salvia species: A focus on cancer and viral infection
LEUKEMIA
–Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Salvia Officinalis L. Extract on Human Lymphoma and Leukemia Cells by Induction of Apoptosis
–Salvia officinalis L. extract and its new food antioxidant formulations induce apoptosis through mitochondrial/caspase pathway in leukemia L1210 cells
LYMPHOMA
–Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Salvia Officinalis L. Extract on Human Lymphoma and Leukemia Cells by Induction of Apoptosis
MELANOMA
–Essential Oils and Their Main Chemical Components: The Past 20 Years of Preclinical Studies in Melanoma
COSMETIC
–Screening of ninety herbal products of commercial interest as potential ingredients for phytocosmetics
